Q1.
Select the option which shows correct matching of animal with its excretory organ and excretory product.
Animal - Excretory organ - Excretory product
(a) Labeo (Rohu) - Nephridial tubes - Ammonia
(b) Salamander - Kidneys - Urea
(c) Peacock - Kidneys - Urea
(d) Housefly - Renal tubules - Uric acid
Q2.
Which one of the following options gives the correct categorization of six animals according to the type of nitrogenous waste they give out?
Ammonotelic - Ureotelic - Uricotelic
Q3.
Which one of the following characteristics is common both in humans and adult frogs?
Q4.
Uricotelic mode of excreting nitrogenous wastes is found in
Q5.
The principal nitrogenous excretory compound in humans is synthesised
Q6.
Uric acid is the chief nitrogenous component of the excretory products of
Q7.
In ornithine cycle, which of the following wastes are removed from the blood?
Q8.
Uricotelism is found in
Q9.
Conversion of ammonia to urea is done by
Q10.
In ureotelic animals, urea is formed by
Q11.
The ornithine cycle removes two waste products from the blood in liver. These products are
Q12.
Two examples in which the nitrogenous wastes are excreted from body in the form of uric acid are
Q13.
Nitrogenous waste products are eliminated mainly as
Q14.
Figure shows human urinary system with structures labelled A to D. Select option which correctly identifies them and gives their characteristic and/ or functions.
Q15.
Which one of the following is not a part of a renal pyramid?
Q16.
The basic functional unit of human kidney is
Q17.
Which one of the four parts mentioned below does not constitute a part of single uriniferous tubule?
Q18.
Proximal and distal convoluted tubules are parts of
Q19.
The net pressure gradient that causes the fluid to filter out of the glomeruli into the capsule is
Q20.
Which of the following statements is correct?
Q21.
The part of nephron involved in active reabsorption of sodium is
Q22.
Removal of proximal convoluted tubule from the nephron will result in
Q23.
The maximum amount of electrolytes and water (70 – 80 percent) from the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed in which part of the nephron?
Q24.
Which one of the following correctly explains the function of a specific part of the human nephron?
Q25.
Which one of the following statements in regard to the excretion by the human kidneys is correct?
Q26.
Glucose is taken back from glomerular filtrate through
Q27.
Under normal conditions which one is completely reabsorbed in the renal tubule?
Q28.
Brush border is characteristic of
Q29.
Reabsorption of useful substances from glomerular filtrate occurs in
Q30.
Which of the following factors is responsible for the formation of concentrated urine?
Q31.
If Henle's loop were absent from mammalian nephron, which one of the following is to be expected?
Q32.
Concentration of urine depends upon which organ?
Q33.
Which of the following would help in prevention of diuresis?
Q34.
A decrease in blood pressure/volume will not cause the release of
Q35.
Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule?
Q36.
A fall in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) activates
Q37.
Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to kidney function regulation?
Q38.
Angiotensinogen is a protein produced and secreted by
Q39.
If excess water passes out from the tissue without being restored by the kidneys, the cells would
Q40.
Match the items given in column I with those in column II and select the correct option given below.
Column I (Function) - Column II (Part of excretory system)
A. Ultrafiltration - (i) Henle's loop
B. Concentration of urine - (ii) Ureter
C. Transport of urine - (iii) Urinary bladder
D. Storage of urine - (iv) Malpighian corpuscle
(v) Proximal convoluted tubule
Q41.
Human urine is usually acidic because
Q42.
Which of the following does not favour the formation of large quantities of dilute urine?
Q43.
What will happen if the stretch receptors of the urinary bladder wall are totally removed?
Q44.
A person who is on a long hunger strike and is surviving only on water, will have
Q45.
A person is undergoing prolonged fasting. His urine will be found to contain abnormal quantities of
Q46.
Use of an artificial kidney during hemodialysis may result in
(A) Nitrogenous waste build-up in the body
(B) Non-elimination of excess potassium ions
(C) Reduced absorption of calcium ions from gastro-intestinal tract
(D) Reduced RBC production.
Which of the following options is the most appropriate?
Q47.
Match the items given in column I with those in column II and select the correct option given below.
Column I - Column II
A. Glycosuria - (i) Accumulation of uric acid in joints
B. Gout - (ii) Mass of crystallised salts within the kidney
C. Renal calculi - (iii) Inflammation in glomeruli
D. Glomerular nephritis - (iv) Presence of glucose in urine
Q48.
A condition of failure of kidney to form urine is called
Q49.
Presence of RBC in urine is